College Education Essay

College education essentially is the key to success in the future. It opens many doors of opportunity and allows us to explore every option available. College education can provide a student with many more new and exciting opportunities that they never would have had if they drop out at high school. College education is important because you need a degree in order to get a good job or a stable career. I’d like to talk of some of the benefits that furthering your education can provide. It is common for students in high school to wonder if college education is really important. Many high school students don’t enjoy their school life, so it is little wonder that when they have the chance to leave education many of them are tempted. However the importance of college education, as well as the huge differences to high school, should not be overlooked. Many students don’t know what they want to do with their life yet, thats why I feel everyone should go to college. In college you can learn about things you are really interested in and pinpoint what you want to do in life. In high school you can’t really do this so many students don’t know the opportunities they can fulfill. Lastly, these days if you don’t have a college education it’s likely that you won’t make it very far in life. Businesses today only want the smartest people working for them, so they always overlook the drop outs and people that never went to college. If you want to make a good amount of money and be successful I strongly encourage you to go to college and get a good education. I would say this is the most important reason to go to college. In today’s economy I believe going to college is the best decision you can make. having a good education has so many great aspects. Never overlook getting a quality education, it will always do you good in the longrun.

Keirla essays

Keirla essays Keirlas tail swooshed back and forth angrily as she stared at the small, cluttered room before her. Boxes were piled around her so that there was barely any room to stand. Keirlas claws flashed as she swiped at an empty box beside her. The shredded cardboard rained to the ground in a manner much like confetti. A tear sprang to her eye as she thought of her mother who, in seeing this, wouldve rushed to her side to find out what was wrong and comfort her. But that would never happen again, her mother was gone now, and there wasnt anything she could do about it. Keirla lay in her bed remembering when she first moved here to Dufur, Oregon and when she had found out about her mother. Keirlas Irish accent still lingered and Keirla imagined that it would for many years to come, but that was the only thing that she had left of her past, her heritage. Keirla could now, at the age of 16 only barely remember her mother, she had been only 5 when her mother had died. Now, eleven years had passed and Keirla was now moving to a new high school, full of new people. Keirla hoped to have better luck at her new school, at her previous one, Keirla had been expelled for fighting with another student. Keirla had had no friends in or out of school, but hopefully, that would all be over in the morning. Tomorrow, she started at her new high school. It was 3 in the morning and Keirla couldnt sleep, it was not the new school jitters or fantasizing about the male population of the school or anything like that. Keirla was not a normal teen, or a normal Kitania (cat people) at that. Keirla had the ears, tail and attitude of a tiger. She stood about 52, rather short for her age and breed, she had long, straight, jet black hair that fell to her knees, her eyes were a fierce yellow and her skin was as pale as death itself. ...

10 of the Best Jobs in Retail Nationwide

10 of the Best Jobs in Retail Nationwide Considering a job in retail? Hoping to find a workplace that treats you fairly and can maybe even lead to a full-time career? Maybe you’ve never even thought of making a career in the retail field, but the great news is there were several retail companies listed in this year’s Employees’ Choice Awards by Glassdoor and on Fortune’s Great Place to Work list. If retail might be a job (or even the job) for you, then you might want to consider these 10 companies first.1. Wegman’sThis food market chain in the mid-Atlantic and New England graces both lists. Employees say it looks out for its employees and offers great benefits- including extra holiday pay, time-and-a-half, and flexible hours. The company seems to truly value their employees and encourage them to advance within the company. (Glassdoor score out of 5: 4.2.)2. IKEAIKEA also gets a Glassdoor 4.2 for encouraging a friendly work environment and providing great benefits- including education assis tance, health care, holiday gatherings, and a flexible and supportive environment for working mothers.3. LululemonAgain: 4.2 from the Glassdoor list. Lululemon offers fabulous perks for the fitness oriented like free workouts, an enticing corporate culture, and career counseling.4. AppleAnother 4.2 from Glassdoor, Apple offers competitive pay, a yearly bonus, great benefits, and a work environment that is consistently rated on top 10  lists.5. QuikTripQuikTrip makes both lists, as well. Employees consistently mention a sense of community and a supportive work environment, plus good benefits, full-time weekly hours, a stable schedule, and a focus on not only employee well-being and growth, but also charitable giving. Glassdoor score: 4.2.6. CarMaxCarMax employees describe this company work environment like a family, with supervisors and managers nurturing employee’s ambitions to further their careers. There’s an emphasis on fun, respect, and integrity in the workplace .7. PatagoniaPatagonia also gets a great rep for as a workplace that feels like family, with employees consistently  writing glowing reviews. Employees also cite their appreciation for the company’s policies, goals, and ideals aligning with theirs on a social and environmental level. Employees also cite a sense of leadership that  nurtures the needs of their workers.8. In-N-Out BurgerThis West Coast burger chain out gets a whopping 4.4 on the Glassdoor scale, mostly for being a busy work environment where time seems to fly. It offers lots of opportunities for advancement, plus a very friendly and positive culture.9. Build-A-Bear WorkshopBuild-A-Bear is highly praised by its employees for the respect and empathy with which the company treats its employees. Employees say it feels like a family and that the warmth with which they interact with customers is almost always genuine. It’s a great place to turn a part-time job into a lifelong career.10. Publix SupermarketsP ublix employees consistently rave about the culture of respect and teamwork at this supermarket chain. Coworkers feel like family, and employees feel as though the management treats them support and dignity.

Annotated bibliography ( Professional research and evaluation ) Essay

Annotated bibliography ( Professional research and evaluation ) - Essay Example Hess, J., Rothgeb, J. and Zukerberg, A. (1997) Survey of program dynamics pretest evaluation report [Internet], Survey of Program Dynamics, US Census Bureau. Available from [Accessed 13 March 2012]. In order to check whether a survey questionnaire would be able to obtain necessary information as well as being easy for adolescents and pre-adolescents to answer them under a specific timeframe, pre-testing them in various sample populations were necessary, as explained by the authors. Pensoneau-Conway, S.L. and Toyosaki, S. (2011) Automethodology: tracing a home for praxis-oriented ethnography. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 10 (4), pp. 378-400. This article showed how not detaching oneself from a group being studied could give a whole new perspective to ethnographic studies, such as showing a sense of self, home, and culture and putting oneself in the other’s shoes, instead of just being an onlooker. Rodriguez, K.L., Schwartz, J.L., Lahman, M.K.E. and Geist, M.R. (2011) Culturally responsive focus groups: refraining the research experience to focus on participants. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 10 (4), pp. 400-418. The use of focus groups is very relevant, especially in qualitative research in social sciences. This article discusses how using culturally responsive researches can give respondents a chance to show their true selves, thus giving a better picture of the views and ideas of different groups, especially marginalized cultures. Sakshaug, J.W., Yan, T. and Tourangeau, R. (2010) Nonresponse error, measurement error, and mode of data collection: tradeoffs in a multi-mode survey of sensitive and non-sensitive items. Public Opinion Quarterly [Internet], 74 (5), pp. 907-933. Available from [Accessed 14 March 2012]. The authors were able to discuss the other side of surveys, which is the correction of errors obtained during sampling. The relationships between the administration style of the survey and the type of errors most likely to occur were also presented, as well as possible ways to reduce them. Schonlau, M., Fricker, R.D. and Elliott, M.N. (2002) Conducting research surveys via e-mail and the web, Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation Internet survey is considered one of the cheapest forms of surveying since there is less effort to implement it. However, certain considerations must be made in order for its success, such as appropriateness, sample size and sensitivity of the issue at hand. This book assesses the problems and the solutions for internet survey to work. Smart, C. (2011) Ways of knowing: crossing species boundaries. Methodological Innovations Online [Internet], 6(3), pp. 27-38. Available from [Accessed 13 March 2012]. In order to control a horse, not only does the handler recognise visual cues but also subconsciously read the horse’s movements, and react accordingly to it. Over time it becomes automatic for the handler, who reacts to the horse’

Theatre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Theatre - Essay Example He had what was described as a rough childhood as he was often described as being effeminate which his father, an alcoholic did not approve of, and his mother was described as being bipolar. Tennessee had a close relationship with his sister ‘Rose’ who later in life was discovered to be schizophrenic and spent much of her life in mental institutions. It was the case that Tennessee’s fear of falling into madness would plague him in later life and ultimately lead him into alcoholism and drug abuse. Rose ultimately had a lobotomy performed on her which left her more or less docile for the rest of her life. When Tennessee was young, his family moved to St. Louis where he attended Soldan High School . It became clear at an early age that Tennessee was a gifted writer and won a number of small awards for his short stories and plays. Tennessee attended the University of Misouri, Washington University, and the University of Iowa where he completed his undergraduate studies but by the late 1930’s he was studying and living in New York City. Probably what proved to be most influential on the writings of Tennessee Williams was living in New Orleans where in the late 1940’s he began writing a Streetcar named Desire arguably one of his most famous works. It was during this time that Tennessee began a homosexual relationship wit a man named Frank Merlo. As one recognizes from the works of Tennessee Williams it is the case that he often used alcoholism, mental health issues, and homosexuality as cornerstones of his works. However it was during the time that Tennessee was living with Merlo that he arguably completed his most notable works, arguably this is owing to the relative stability that this relationship brought to his life. According to the library at thinkquest (2010) it is the case that Williams had published thirty eight plays, nine works of fiction, and

Issues Associated with Modern Slavery in the UK Essay

Issues Associated with Modern Slavery in the UK - Essay Example ..9 Appendix A ...................................................................................................................................11 Bibliography †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.13 Issues Associated with Modern Slavery in the UK Abstract Even in the modern era, many people all over the world are considered property by the industries they are employed by. These people are forced into labor while they are stripped from their basic human rights. Modernized human slavery includes human trafficking, bonded slavery and child labor among other examples. The institutions controlling human slavery are so strong that despite the efforts of many government bodies and NGOs they are still at large. Though such actions make the organizations enjoy low costs and high profitability because of l ower than normal wages they pay to these enslaved people, still this abomination can cause a strain on the social structure of any country. People loose their self respect and the society suffers the strain of low morality. We, as human beings, owe our society to participate in the government efforts so that we can get rid of this atrocity. Introduction Slavery can be defined as a situation where people are considered property by their employers and are therefore forced into labor and deprived from their basic human rights. In today’s world modern slavery exits in many forms which includes human trafficking, child labor and bonded slavery to name a few (See figure 1 in Appendix A). In the past two years it is estimated that roughly around 1,500 cases of slavery and human trafficking have been reported to the British police. The article ‘Modern Slavery in the United Kingdom’ highlights that there are three elements ‘of the exploitative relationship which con stitute slavery’. These are severe economic exploitation, the lack of a basic human rights framework and the control of one person over another by the prospect or reality of violence. Of the 12.3 million people enslaved in the world today, roughly 360,000 are approximated to be present in well industrialized countries, while the remaining 250,000 – 270,000 are expected to be locked in forced labor in less industrialized areas. As slavery is an illegal act executed by organized mafia, employing clandestine methods, its exact numbers will always vary from estimated studies (Craig 2007; Craig et al 2007; Engerman et al 2001). This report focuses on slavery in the UK, which includes all forms of bonded & forced labor. The approach adopted is one of a qualitative analysis across various industries within the UK, with statistics included where appropriate. Main Findings The most common form of modern day slavery is human trafficking for the purpose of sexual or forced labor. However, human trafficking is not always easy to identify as a case of modern day slavery as it may be disguised as any of a variety of other offenses. In 2007, the Child Exploitation & Online Protection Centre (CEOP) conducted a study in the UK which resulted in the exposure of 330 suspected & confirmed cases of trafficked children in the country. Of these 183 went missing from social services care. This study concluded that there is a dire lack of awareness of trafficking among those involved with child & teen labor (Yorkshire Post 2007). Many councils

The Safety Measure In Malaysia Construction Construction Essay

The Safety Measure In Malaysia Construction Construction Essay In order to reduce the accident rate in construction industry, many government statutory bodies and local authorities play their role on enforce the legislation on the issue of safety and health in construction industry. But the result show that the accident rates in construction industry involve death and injury is still high. On the other word mean, the rate still in anxiety level. So research on safety issue in Malaysia construction need to be conduct to identify why the accident rates still in anxiety level. Aim To study on the safety measure in Malaysia Construction during period of construction be carry out. Objective To study on the safety management in construction. To study hazard and risk in construction site. To study the safety act, regulation and guideline in construction site. Background Construction industry has been classified as a high risk industry due to there is a high risk of accident always happen during the activity is conduct. The reasons is safety and health issues is always been looking as a second factors compare to time, cost and quality that always be considered as the main factors in the construction industry. The other reason is that many employers just concentrate on maximizing the profit instead of established on prevention accident policy. Due to the actual cost cannot be estimate until the accident is happen, so the employer do not emphasize to this safety. Accident rate still consider is high in Malaysia construction industry based on the statistics of the accidents in the construction industry reported by the Social Security Organisation (SOCSO). This high rate of accident is give bad impression that the construction industry is the most critical industry and it need a huge and fast evolution from the current safety practices method in construc tion activity. In order to prevent or reduce the accident from happen, one must identify first on the causes of that accident is happen only can take the action to overcome it. Therefore, a few acts and regulations is introduce to control the accident matter and also as a guidance not only for the employer; it also for the contractors. The few acts is Occupational Safety and Health 1994 (OSHA) and Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (FMA). These two acts are under the Ministry of Human Resource and is enforcing by the Department of Health and Safety Malaysia. This is few functions by the Department of Health and Safety Malaysia: To help increase the awareness to workers, employers, contractors and the general public about the occupational safety and health. To formulate and review on safety and health policy of occupational safety and health. To carry out research at the workplace on issue related to occupational safety and health. To ensure workers and visitors of their safety and health and also the welfare at construction workplace. To become the secretary regarding occupational safety and health (Department of Health and Safety Malaysia, 2009) Basically the workers or visitors get injure is normally at construction workplace or construction site. So in order to make sure workers or visitors is safe, it is the employers obligation to provide safe workplace. Provide safe workplace also help to reduce or prevent the accident from happen and resulting people get injured. Occupational safety and health also list that the employers responsible to provide a safe workplace under the section 15 General duties of employers and self-employed persons to their employees. Under the section 15, the employers and self-employed should: It should be the responsibility of every employers and every self-employed person to ensure, the safety, health and welfare at workplace of all his employees so far as it is practicable. (Department of Health and Safety Malaysia, 2009) Methodology Literature Review Can be defined as any resources such as documents, journals that available to be select in order to fulfil the objectives which contain data and evidence that written by other students in their previous research. The data from the literature reviews is known as the secondary data due to the data is obtained from other sources. Documentary study (statistic) The data is collect from the Social Security Organisation (SOCSO) and Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) in form of statistic about the accident happen. In the statistic also is also show that the construction industry is the most high risk compares to other industry. Case study Three construction sites is be identify to allow for conduct the case study about the accident happen to help complete this project. It is important to help construction site in effort to reduce or prevent the accident from happen in construction site. It also let people know whether that construction site is follow or comply to the guide that is be introduce by Occupational Safety and Health 1994 (OSHA) and Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (FMA). Organization of The Dissertation Chapter 1 Introduction In this chapter is introducing the background of the construction industry, and some of the objectives that need to be fulfilling in order to complete the project. Besides that, this chapter also mention on how the research method that be use to collect data or information and how to finish this project. Chapter 2 Literature Review In this chapter, it focuses on how to fulfil the objective that already mention inside the chapter1. To complete the objective, data is be collect true the articles, journals, books that related with the project topic. Chapter 3 Methodology In this chapter, is state the method on how to gather the data or information such as gets it from statistic which obtained from Social Security Organisation (SOCSO) and Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH). Chapter 4 Data Analysis and Result In this chapter, it focuses on the research methodology by analysis the data or information is collect inside the chapter 2. Chapter 5 Discussion and Conclusion In this chapter, the overall of the project is been summarise. Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 Introduction Construction industry is the most risky and hazardous compare with other industry. Due to its risky and hazardous, construction is seeing as accident-prone industry. Therefore, accident will just happen from time to time during construction project. Accidents will just happen at construction site and at every where especially in high rise construction project. Reasons is time, cost and quality always become the main factors to be considered ahead of safety. A safety issue is always being considered as secondary in the construction. Many employers do not established comprehensive to the accident prevention policies but instead their more focus on maximizing the profit. They do not emphasize on safety because they cannot estimate the actual cost of an accident until it occurs. The statistics of accidents occurred in the construction industry indicate that the accident rate in Malaysian construction industry is still high and it give a picture that construction industry is one of the cr itical sectors that need a huge and fast overhaul from the current site safety practices. Once the construction accidents happen, it will produce many problems; such as workers become demotivation, delay of project activity, and also will affect the cost of the project, productivity and the construction industry reputation also been affected (Mohamed, 1999). The first reason for this research is to understand appropriate management for safety improvements to minimize the accident rate in construction industry. Concerning the safety aspects within construction industry, it is apparent that the implementation of safety best practices is still far from good. An accident is an unexpected, unplanned event in a sequence of events, which occurs through a combination of causes; it results in physical harm (injury or disease) to an individual, damage to property or environment, a loss or any combination of these effects. Thus, if no safety and health management for the project, that project may totally failure and the cost for that project will become over budget. Second, this research is to discuss about the hazards that may occur on construction site. Accident dont just happen, they are caused. According to Ridley 99 per cent of the accident are caused by either unsafe acts or unsafe conditions or both (Ridley, 1986). Hazards will also much contributed to the accidents. Hazard should be properly understood by safety players as well as construction players and workers. Many people were not much pay attention on hazard at construction site. Again, the stigma of the people was thought that the construction industry cannot be run away from the three 3-D syndromes namely dirty, dangerous and difficult. This mindset should be turning over to more realistic and harmonisation in construction towards sustainable construction and make the construction is rather creating wealth. Lastly, this research is to discuss about the enforcement of Act and Regulation in Malaysian to the construction industry. There are few act and regulation related to this health and safety in Malaysia and this act and regulation are enforcing by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH). Although, extensive efforts have been taken in order to reduce the accident rate by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH), yet the statistic data shows it still not seen any improvement in the number of accident on construction activity. Mostly in Malaysia, the construction industry is just follow the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) 1994 and Factories and Machinery Act (FMA 1967). 2.2 Construction safety management Construction industry is the most risky and it contribute high accident rate that had cause fatality. Therefore, it very important for the industry to follow / apply safety and health management to reduce the accident rate issue. Accidents can be happen at any time, at anywhere, on any construction activity to any people in the construction site or else to outside people. Safety management involving few functions that include of planning, identifying the problem areas, coordinating, controlling and directing the safety activities on workplace, all aimed at the prevention of accidents (figure 1). Figure 1: Safety organization and management must cover all aspects of the employers or the contractors operations According to Tim Howarth and Paul Watson a successful health and safety management system consist of the following element which is policy, organisation, planning, measurement, and auditing and reviewing. According to Tim Howarth and Paul Watson (2009), they were mentioned that how to ensure the safety and health management become successful. successful health and safety management systems require the following components: The organisation of all employees for management of safety and health The establishment of a clear policy for safety and health The safety and health performance be measure The planning for safety and health by setting objectives and targets, identifying hazards, assessing risk and establishing standards against which the organisation can measure performance The auditing and reviewing of safety performance and practice, in order to inform improvement. (Howarth and Watson, 2009) According to Tey (1999), among the importance of safety is to minimise the probability of accident and disease from happen to the workers. Thus, the workers can perform their works more conductively and be able to complete the project as scheduled. It is also to ensure the progress of work is flow smoothly on site. If any accidents happen on site, thus the work progress will be stop temporary due to make way for the investigation to be carried out by the responsible authorities to find out the accident reason. Consequently this will affected the completion of the whole project progress. In order to prevent accident happened, they must identify the causes of accident first then only solve that problem. There is a many of causes that will contribute accident to happen within construction industry. For example, struck by objects, fallings from height, electrical hazard and death cause by plant is the most accidents happen in the construction industry (MOM, 2009; US Bureau of Labour, 2009a). Also, various reviews of safety management in construction industry have revealed that insufficient safety measures and poor safety awareness is the major reasons for the high incidence of occupational accidents in this industry (Sawacha et al., 1999; Tam et al., 2004; Angela and Ines, 2005; Aksorn and Hadikusumo, 2008). 2.2.1 Health and Safety Policy Safety and Health Rules, Regulations, Policies According to CSAO (1993), a health and safety policy is a written statement of principles and goals embodying the companys commitment to workplace health and safety (CSAO, 1993). It demonstrates top managements commitment to ensure safe working methods and environment at the construction sites. Provide a safe workplace become a responsibility of the employer. In Malaysia, a legal requirement is set by Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) and other government agencies to ensure the safety and health of all workers at the workplace. On the construction, there is different level of people work there; various type of activities to carry out and different types of plant and machineries to be operate. Therefore, health and safety policy is very important for the projects. Health and safety policy can be the guidance or manual of the construction site to make sure the people, activities and plant follow on construction site durin g the period of construction. According to Tim Howarth and Paul Watson (2009), they stated that there is nine (9) commitments that should be archive while carry out the health and safety policy statement by organisation. The nine (9) commitments of the organisation are: Recognise that health and safety is an integral part of business performance Achieve high level of health and safety performance, with a minimum standard being legal compliance and cost-effective health and safety performance improvement Provide adequate and appropriate resources to implement the policy Set and publish health and safety objective, even if only by internal notification Place the management of health and safety as a prime responsibility of line management, from the most senior executive to first line supervisory level Ensure that the policy statement is understood, implemented and maintained at all level in the organisation Ensure employee involvement and consultation to gain commitment to the policy and its implementation Periodically review the policy, the management system and audit of compliance to policy Ensure that employees of all level receive a proper training and is competent to carry out their duties and responsibilities (Howarth and Watson, Construction Safety Management, 2009) 2.2.2 Planning and Implementation Planning, to identify the possible hazards and risks to all workers and other people that also may be affect by the construction activity, setting out the standards performance as a target should be achieve by management and ensure all documentation is perform follow the standards (Holt, 2001). Based on Tim Howarth and Paul Watson (2009), they mentioned that few important elements for planning and control the health and safety at construction site. They have summaries the important key elements for the construction site planning and control item of safety as following: The organisations health and safety manual The pre-construction information provided by the client and designer The project health and safety plan Site rules Site induction Communication of health and safety information and guidance to site personnel Sub-contractor co-ordination, communication and co-operation, and competency management (Howarth and Watson, Construction Safety Management, 2009) 2.3 Hazards and Risks According to OHSAS 18001, hazard can be defined as anything that could cause harm to people and damage to property, the environment and the combination of these. Source or situation with potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health, damage to property, damage to workplace environment or combination of these. According to OHSAS 18001, risk can be defined as the chance, greater or small that someone will be harm by hazard. Combination of the likelihood and consequence of a hazardous event occurring. According to Tim Howarth and Paul Watson (2009), they mentioned that a hazard is the things that presented harm. In addition, by referring to Frederick Gould and Nancy Joyce (2009), they stated that a hazard is something presented can cause of injuries. Besides that, according to Tim Howarth and Paul Watson (2009), they mentioned that risk is the chance or likelihood that somebody will harm or injury by hazard. Commonly, a hazard is a specific situation connected with a production process or a work process and is characterised by such a configuration or state of factors of this process, which may result in an accident at work or an occupational disease (Carter and Smith 2006; HoÅ‚a 2008). In the simplest cases hazards can be identified by observation, comparing the circumstances with the relevant information. A combination of the following methods may be the most effective way to identify hazards. Methods of identifying workplace hazard are including: Previewing legislation and supporting codes of practice and guidance NIOSH/ DOSH published information Reviewing relevant Malaysian and international standards Reviewing industry or trade association guidance Reviewing other published information Hazard checklist be developed Conduct walk-through surveys (audits) and inspections Reviewing information from designers or manufacturers Assessing the adequacy of training or knowledge required to work safely Analysing unsafe incident, accident and injury data Analysing work processes Job safety analysis Consulting with employees Observation Seeking advice from specialists Materials safety been testing and produce the product labels 2.3.1 Hazard cause by Materials According (Howarth and Watson, 2009), accident may be occur by the materials when construction activity is carry out on site such as materials deliver or remove from the site. There is some potentials hazard cause by the materials on the construction site: Use of hazardous materials Storage of hazardous materials Handling of materials Removal of existing materials Dust from materials Spillages of materials Fire Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) which is incorporated into the Occupational Safety and Health Act and serve as a comprehensive and legislated programme that ensures workers to understand about the hazardous materials around workplaces. Moreover, according to the WHMIS system groups the hazard material into six categories based on the material type and hazard which is shown in Table 2.2. Each category has its own hazard symbol and it is important that the worker be able to recognize those symbols (WHMIS, 2011). Table 2.2: The Six Classes of Hazardous Materials and Symbols CLASS A Compressed Gas A compressed gas is a material which at normal temperature and pressure, packaged under pressure in a cylinder or other container. The hazard from these materials is generally arises from their chemical nature and sudden loss of integrity of the container. A compressed gas cylinder is usually quite heavy and when ruptured can become a projectile with the potential to cause significant damage. For example: Acetylene and oxygen CLASS B Flammable and Combustible Materials Classifying material that will ignite and continue to burn in air if exposed to a source of ignition. This class classified as a flammable gases, flammable aerosols, combustible liquids and flammable solids. Many laboratory solvents and cleaning materials used on this class. For example: Methane, acetone, aniline, and lithium hydride. CLASS C Oxidizing Material An oxidizing material may or may not burn itself, but will release oxygen or another oxidizing substance, and thereby causes or contributes to the combustion of another material. This type of substance gives of a large amount of heat when in contact with other substances. Also, able to support a fire and considered high reactive of these chemicals. For example: Ozone, chlorine, and nitrogen dioxide. CLASS D Poisonous and Infectious Material These symbols represent the class of materials that pose the greatest potential hazard to our life and health. Division 1: Materials Causing Immediate and Serious Toxic Effects These materials can severely damage our health in a single overexposure. Fortunately, few of our work areas contain this type of material. For examples: Cyanide compounds, styrene are very toxic substances. Division 2: Materials Causing Other Toxic Effects This unique symbol identifies material that poses a threat to our health through long term exposure. Further, this material may be a suspected carcinogen or have other health damaging properties. Our labs, work areas and shops contain materials marked with symbol. For examples: Asbestos cause cancer, ammonia is an irritant. Division 3: Bio hazardous Infectious Material This classification includes any organisms and the toxins produced by these organisms that have been shown to cause disease or are believed to cause disease in either humans or animals. For example: a blood sample containing the Hepatitis B virus is a bio hazardous infectious material. It may cause hepatitis in persons exposed to it. CLASS E Corrosive Material Corrosive materials can attack (corrode) metals or cause permanent damage to human tissues such as the skin and eyes on contact. Burning, scarring, and blindness may result from skin or eye contact. Corrosive materials may also cause metal containers or structural materials to become weak and eventually to leak or collapse. For example: Ammonia, fluorine, and hydrochloric acid. CLASS F Dangerously Reactive Material This symbol identifies dangerously reactive materials. These materials may react violently under certain conditions of shock or an increase in pressure or temperature or react violently with water. They may also react vigorously with water to release a toxic gas. For example: Ozone, hydrazine, and benzoyl peroxide. (Sources: WHMIS, 2011) 2.3.2 Hazard cause by Movements Plant and Machinery Most of the hazards in construction is more or less has related with movements plant and machinery, it is identified to be more significant at site involve in infrastructure works and industry building. In construction site, there is a lot type of plant and machinery be used during conduct the construction activities. The number of plant and machinery using in site is depending on how big the scale of that project. Therefore, the management team also need to consider of movement plant and machinery as one of the potential hazards while planning the safety and health. According to Tim Howarth and Paul Watson (2009), there is some potentials hazard cause by the movement plant and machinery on the construction site: Lack maintenance for plant and machinery No proper separation for plant and machinery and pedestrian route on site Failure to secure materials during hauling / lifting Operating plant and machinery without authority Operating plant and machinery by non-qualify person Mechanical failure of plant and machinery Lack of warning system Lack of signboard / signage Plant and machinery reversing, provide adequate stop blocks 2.4 Construction Acts and Regulation in Malaysia Under the department of Ministry of Human Resources, there still has another department known as Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH). Normally, there is still has two Acts that need to be implement to the construction industry which is Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA) and the Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (FMA). This Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 are under Law of Malaysia Act 514 and Factories and Machinery Act 1967 is under Law of Malaysia Act 139. 2.4.1 Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 Generally, OSHA 1994 policy is to provide a safe and healthy work environment for all its employees and protect others who may be affected by its activities. The management and staff will work together to achieve the aims and objectives of this policy through discussion / negotiation (conference) and cooperation. Specifically, the department policy comprises the following objectives: To prepare a safe and healthy workplace; To secure the safety and health of persons at work; To protect persons at workplace other than employees To ensure that all staff is provided with the relevant information, training and supervision regarding the methods to carry out their duties in a safe manner and without causing any risk to health; To investigate all accidents, diseases, poisonous and/or dangerous occurrences, and to have action to ensure that these occurrences will not be repeated; To comply with all requirements of legislations related to safety and health as stated in the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994, as well as regulations and codes of practice which have been approved; To provide basic welfare facilities to all workers; and To revise and improve on this policy whenever necessary. The formation of OSHA came was upon three principles. The first is the need for employers to develop a good management system that starts with a safety and health  policy. Secondly, employers, employees and the  authorities must negotiate to settle issues and problems relating to occupational safety and health at the workplace. The first principle is self-regulation. To handle issues relating to  occupational safety and health, employers must develop a good and orderly management system. Starting with formation of a safety and health policy and consequently employers have to make the proper arrangements to be carried out. The third and last principle is co-operation, where the success of the occupational safety and health programs will succeed with the co-operation between employers and employees. With the resulting co-operation, there will  be an increase of quality of occupational safety and health at the workplace (Laws of  Malaysia 2000). The department is without any doubt certain that safety and health must be an integral part of our daily activities, and that the proper practice of safe and healthy working procedures would be the main factor in achieving the success of our mission. Basically, the Act assembles by fifteen parts and consists of 67 sections. PART I PRELIMINARY PART II APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS PART III NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PART IV GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS AND SELF-EMPLOYED PERSONS PART V GENERAL DUTIES OF DESIGNERS, MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS PART VI GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYEES PART VII SAFETY AND HEALTH ORGANIZATIONS PART VIII NOTIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS, DANGEROUS OCCURRENCE, OCCUPATIONAL POISONING AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES, AND INQUIRY PART IX PROHIBITION AGAINST USE OF PLANT OR SUBSTANCE PART X INDUSTRY CODES OF PRACTICE PART XI ENFORCEMENT AND INVESTIGATION PART XII LIABILITY FOR OFFENCES PART XIII APPEALS PART XIV REGULATIONS PART XV MISCELLANEOUS 2.4.2 Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (FMA 1967) Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (FMA 1967) is to control the matters that related to the safety, health and welfare of the workers, the registration and conduct inspection to the plant and machinery and for any matters connected therewith (Law of Malaysia, 2005). Under this Act, it consists of 6 Part and subdivides to 59 sections: PART I PRELIMINARY PART II SAFETY, HEALTH AND WELFARE PART III PERSON IN CHARGE AND CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY PART IV NOTIFICATION OF ACCIDENT, DANGEROUS OCCURENCE AND DANGEROUS DISEASES PART V NOTICE OF OCCUPATIONAL OF FACTORY, AND REGISTRATION AND USE OF MACHINERY PART VI GENERAL